Mechanical movement.



No. 841,444. PATENTED JAN. 15, 1907.

P. H. RICHARDS.

MECHANICAL MOVEMENT. APPLIIOATION FILED MAY15, 1901.

2 SHEETSSHEET 1 UNITED n-ms n'rn r orricn.

' FRANCIS H. (RICHARDS, or HARTFORD? CONNECTICUT.

MECHANICAL'IVIOVEMENT.

Application filed May 15,

Specification of Letters Patent "fliatented. Jan. 15, 1907.

1901. Serial No. 60.307.

To all whom it may) concern:

Be it known that I, FRANCIS H. ItIcnARDs,

, a citizen of the United States, residingat Hartford, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have-invented certain new and useful Improvements in Mechanical Movements, of whlchthe following 1s a speclfication. J

This invention relates to mechanical movements and it has for its object the provision of an organization of devices or elements whereby aregular and .uniform. movement.

may be converted into one of an opposite character and the continuous forward movement of a driver be transformed into a periodically varying movement of a driven member.

In the drawings accompanying the pres-. ent specification, Figure is an end eleva -'tion of an organization of devices embodying Fig. 2 is a sectional side elevation of the parts shown the present mechanical movement.

' in Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 is a diagrammatic view illustrating the. kinematic features of" the present mechanical movement. 5 I

Similar characters of reference designate like parts in all the figures of the drawings.

The driving member is hereinfshown as a pinion, the. motion ofwhich is transmitted through an intermediate device, serving to alter the continuous rotary motionof the inber constituting the member herein referredvto as the driving member from a powershaft S, which is shown j ournalcd in appropriate bearings-lO 10, supported on pedestals or uprights b b, erected from a b ed plate B of any suitable construction and which may be, in

fact, a portion of the machineor mechanism framing to which the present mechanical movement is applied. To this shaft S' 'a' drivingulley 3 may be secured, by means of which t e shaft maybe rotated from some source of power. There is also atfixed to this shaft a gear-Wheel 21, which serves to drive,

through an engaging gear-Wheel 22, a pinion 23', constituting the driving member and Whose axis, as illustrated, is coincident with the axis of the gear-wheel 22. In the particular construction shown, the pinion, provided 22 are both secured to a shaft 11, mounted in a bearing 12, supported on the pedestal 6.

Motion is imparted to the shaft 2, constituting the member herein'referred to as the driven member, to effect an irregular or intermittent rotary motion thereof by means of an intermediate difierential train comprising a gear-wheel 24, meshing with. said pinion 23 and with an internal gear-wheel 25, attached to the shaft 2. This intermediate gear-'wheel24 is adapted to be swung in a cirpinion 23, and .to'enable this to be effected the intermediate geanwheel maybe rotatably mounted onan arm or rocker 26, whose lateral tubular extension 26 is journaled to the exterior of the elongated hub of the pinion .23, about which hub the arm may be oscillated to carry the gear-wheel 24 to and fro in the annular spacebetween the pinion and the internal gear-wheel. For the purpose of securely supporting the several parts there is shown as a feature of axial recess formed in the end of the shaft 2. The arm 26 is oscillated as aforesaid by means 'ofa crank motion, such as a crank and which taken together are designated generally by 28. A connecting-rod 29 places this crank 28 in operative connection with a projecting arm 30 of the tubular extension 26 of the rocker 26, and although I have specicrank motion by which the'rocker 26 may be operated it is obvious that an eccentric would effect substantially the same results, itbeing but another instance of the mechanical move ment known as a-crank'motion, since it operates upon the same rinciple as a crank. In using the term cran motion therefore I wish to include this and like equivalents.

The action of this transmitting device will be readily understood upon reference to the the following explanation It should be stated at the outset that as the gear-wheels 21 Hence the pinion 23 will revolve at thesame to the diagrammatic view, 8 represents'the j the plane of the paper on which the view is 5 5 with an elongated hub 27, and the gear-wheel 1 depicted and 25 the corresponding intersec and crank-pin, provided on the main shaft S,

fied a crank and crank-pinas an instance of a speed as the main shaft S. Referring now cular arc whose centerv lies in the axis of the constructive detail an extension 0 on the supporting-shaft 11, having a bearing in an diagrammatic view of Fig. 3 with the aid of and 22 are shown their diameters are equal; 1

' tion of the axis of the internal gear-wheel- 25,

25*, 2 5 and and the pitch-circle of the pinion 23 by the dotted circle 23*, 23 and 23". Six arbitrary positions of the crank 28 on the main or power shaft are chosen for the purpose of illustrating the action of the device, and they are conveniently taken so as to show collectively the progressive movement of the crank through three hundred and sixty degrees of an are. These positions are indicated by as, 00 m m 00 and as", and the corresponding positions of the pivotal axis of the connection between the connecting-rod 29 and the arm 30 (this arm being indicated in dotted outline for its corresponding positions) are indicated by y, 31 3 1 g and 3), respectively.

Assnming the power-shafts to be rotating in the direction of the arrow at the lower left-hand portion of the diagram, it is plain that thedi'rection cf rotation of the pinion 23 will be in the direction of the arrow adjacent to the circle 23, 23 and 23 representing. its pitch-line. Hence the direction of the rotation imparted to the intermediate gear- Wheel 24 will be that of the arrow or lefthanded, contraryto the direction of motion of the hands of a watch with its axis, let it be assumed, in the position indicated by 2,

of the crank 28.

which corresponds to thementioned positions :13" and y. The itch-circle of this intermediate gear-whee 24 is also representedin dotted outline, the figure indicating the positions assumed by it for the given positions If now there were no translational movement of the axis of this intermediate gear-wheel 24, the internal gear wheel 25 would be rotated continuously in the same direction as the former gear, but since, as already ex lained, the intermediate is adapted to be oscillated by the crank 28, a movement of the latter through a distance represented by the are 0c 2: will move the pivotal axis of the connecting-rod joint from y to g and carry the center of the intermediate-gear-wheel from 2 to z that is, in the direction that the described rotationof the intermediate gear-wheel 24 tends to turnthe internal gear-Wheel 25. This movement of the crank from m to :0 corresponds to onesixth of the full rotation of the main or power shaft, and since, as already explained, the

v pinion or driving member 23 rotatesat the same speed as this shaft and the internal gear-wheel 25 in this case-is twice the diameter of the pinion the internal gear-wheel will be rotated one-twelfth a turn, leaving out gear-Wheel. Taking this translational move of account the swinging of the intermediate ment of the axis of the intermediate into ac:

count, the one-twelfth rotation of the internal gear-Wheel 25 will be increased by an amount of angular movement, as the intermediate gear-Wheel rolls over the pinion, corresponding to 'the movement of its center from .2 to

2 For the further one-sixth of a rotation of the main shaft S through the arc 90 the gear-Wheel will be rotated an additional -one-' twelfth of a turn plus the added fraction of a complete rotation, due to the swinging of the intermediate gear-wheel center fromoint e to 2 Therefore for two-sixths ofa ll rotation of the main shaft the internal gear-wheel 25 will be rotated two-twelfths of a rotation plus that fraction of a complete rotation, due to the rolling of the intermediate gear-wheelover the pinion as its center moves throughthe are 2 2 d When the first portion of the next one sixth rotation of the crank 28 has occurred,

it will. take the position as and the pivotal axis of the connecting-rod joint the position y'", the pivotal axis shifting back again to the position 9 upon the completion of the onesixth of the rotary movement with the crank at the point indicated by The position of the intermediate gear-wheel center corresponding to this osition 1 is 2, there being consequently a ther net rota-tive movement given to the internal gear-wheel 25 of one-twelfth of a full turn, together with the iractionof a turn, due to therolling of the intermediate gear-wheel as its center moves through the are .2 z. The shaft S has now rotated one-half of a full turn, while the in-- ternal gear-wheel 25 has made three-twelfths, or one-quarter of a rotation plus that fraction of a rotation due to the rolling of the intermediate gear-wheel as its center moves through the are 2 2. Now the angular movement imparted to the internal gear- Wheel 25 by reason of the swinging and consequent rolling of the intermediate 24 as its center moves from 2 to 2 is representedby the sum of the angle subtended by the are 2 z and the angle subtended-by the arc of the pitch-circle of the pinion 23, over which :the pitch-circle of the intermediate gearwheel 24 rolls as its center moves from 2 to 2 after this-arc has been laid ofi on the pitcheircle of the 4 internal gear-wheel. The length of the arm 30 and the relation of the crank and arm to each other and to the other parts may be made such that these two angles are together approximately equal to onequarter of a turn of the internal gear-wheel. Hence for the particular semirotation of the crank 28 considered the driven member or shaft 2 will be rotated one-half a turn.

For the next one-sixth rotation of the crankthat is, from a? to 0c -the corresponding movement of the pivotal axis of the connecting-rod joint will be from 1 to yi, carrying the intermediate gear-wheel center from 2 to z th at is, in a direction the reverse of that in which the rotation of the intermediate 24 tends to turn the internal gear-wheel 25. The conditions are now reversed, the rotative motion due'to the swinging of the intermediate, which before was added to that due to the efiiect of the rotating pinion 23, now acting to diminish this latter efiect. The relations and dimensions to thevarious engaging gear-wheels and other parts concerned may be as'pointed out above and are here such as to cause the tendency to reverse the rotation arising from the rolling of the intermediate gear-wheel backward-over the pinion 23 as its center moves through the arc 2 z to be ap roximately equal to onetwelfth of a ful turn of the internal gearwheel. Hence as the rotative movement of the intermediate gear-wheel, due solely to the rotation of the pinion 2 3, is in amount sufficient to turn the internal gear-wheel forward one-twelfth of a complete turn the intermediate will simply roll backward along the teeth of the internal gear-wheel and cause substantially no motion of the latter. For a similar reason, substantially no movement of the internal gear-wheel occurs for the next similar fraction of a complete rotation of the crankthat is from m to x which results in a movement of the pivotal axis of the connecting-rod joint from y to y and the transfer of the intermediate gear-wheel center from 2 to 2.

During the first portion of the last onesixth of the full turn of the crankthat is, from at to wthe pivotal axis of the con necting-rod joint will move to the position y returning to the position 12/, however, at

the completion of the rotation of the crank. The final position of the center of the intermediate 24 will be at 2, it haying moved backwardthat is, in the op osite direction to that in which the interna gear-wheel 25 is naturally rotated by the piniona distance indicated by the are 2 2, causing as a result the internal gears-wheel to rotate forward a full one-twelfth of a rotation minus that fraction of a rotation due to the rolling backward of the intermediate as its center moves through the are .2 2. This completes the second semirotation of the crank 28, audit will be evident from what has been said in a preceding paragraph relative to the effect produced by the rolling of the intermediate gear-wheel over the pinion 23 that since its effect is reversed in the second semirotation the internal gear-wheel makes but one-half a turn for each full rotation of the crank. In other words, during the translational movement of the intermediate gear-wheel center from 2 to 2 the internal gear-wheel' 25, and

consequentlyv the driven member, rotates forward. The speed of this forward move-- ment of the driven member begins to slacken, however, as the intermediate gear-wheel center nears the position 2* and is rapidly reduced to zero as the intermediate gear-wheel swings in the opposite directionthat is,v

from 2 toward -zuntil as the intermediate gear-wheel center approaches the latter position the rotative movement of the internal gear-wheel is again initiated and increases in rapidity, which it continues so to do as it passes this point, andthe translational motion of the center again takes place in a for- Ward direction. The com lete oscillation of the intermediate gear-w eel 24 therefore causes-the internal gear-wheel, and hence the driven member, to lose such a'fraction of arotation when the intermediate swings in one direction as it gains when 1t swings in the opposite dlrection.

It is evident from the foregoing descrip- V tion and explanation that the present mechanical movement is adapted to convert the continuous rotary .movement of a driven member into a movement of the driven memher of a variable character in which periods mitting motion is not claimed, broadly, in this application, the same being shown, described,

and claimed in an a plication filed by me on April 19, 1900, Seria No. 13,470.. 7

Having described my invention, I claim- 1. The combination of a driving-shaft and a driven shaft, a gear fixed on each of said shafts and one gear located within the other and each mounted for and confined to a rotary movement, of an intermediate driven from the driving member and mounted for combined rotary and translational movement; and a crank motion for oscillating the intermediate bodily to and fro in the plane of the driving member.

2. The combination with a driving-gear within a driven gear, said driven gear, and each mounted for and confined to a rotary movement, of an intermediate meshing with the driving member and with the driven member and mounted for combined rotar and translational movement; and a cran motion for oscillating the intermediate bodily to and fro.

3. The combination with a driving-gear within a driven gear, said driven gear, and each mounted for and confined .to a rotary movement, of an intermediate driven from and an outside drivenmember each mounted the driving-gear and meshing with the'driven gear and mounted for combined rotary and translational movement; a'rocker on which said intermediate is mounted and which has a pivotal axis coincidin with the axis of the driving-gear; and a cran motion for oscillating the rocker and thereby oscillating said intermediate bodily to and fro. f

4. The combination with inside driving and outside; driven members each mounted for and confined to a rotary movement, of an intermediate for transmitting motion from the driving to the driven member, said intermediate being mounted for combined rotary and translational movement; a rocker supporting said intermediate and oscillatable in an are about the axis of one of said members; and a crank motion for controlling the movements of the rocker.

5. The combination with inside driving and outsidedriv members each mounted for andconfined to a rotary movement, of an intermediate for transmitting motion from the driving to the driVenmember, said inter- 5 mediate being mounted for combinedrotary and translational movement; a shaft from.

which the drivin member is operated; and a crank motion riven fromsaid shaft and controlling the movements of the rocker.

6. .The combination with an inside driving for and confined.to a rotary movement,.of a gear mounted upon the-driven member ;-an intermediate for transmitting mot ion "from the driving to the driven member, said intermediate being mounted for ombined rotary and translational movemen i; a rocker supporting *saidintermediate and pivoted conc'entricallywith one of said members; a

controlling the movements.

crank motion for of the rocker.

. 7. The combination with a driving'memher and a drivenmember mounted one withw in the other, of a rotatable intermediate memher peripherally engaging both the'driving I lmemberand the driven member and oscillatable in a path which is concentric with both the driving member and the driven member; anda member which has a circular cross-section and is revoluble about an axis eccentric thereto and is adapted to oscillate the; intermediate member.

8. {lhe'combination of a driving member; an intermediate member peripherally engaged thereby; a driven member which has an internal face engaged by the periphery of the intermediate member and surrounding the driving member; a rocker-arm on which the intermediate member is rotatably mounted; a member which hasa circular cross-section and is revoluble about an axis eccentric thereto; and a connection from said eccentrically-rotatable member to the rocker-arm.

9. The combination with a driving gear- Wheel within a driven internal gear-Wheel, said internal gear, of an intermediate gearwheel which is driven from the driving gearwheel and is in engagement with the driven gear-wheel; a rockerupon which the intermediate is mounted; and a crank motion oscillating the rockerto and fro.

10. The combination with an inside driving for tively fixed axes,.of an intermediate rotatably mounted between said members; a rocker supporting said intermediate and movable about the axis of one of said members; and a .crank motion which is operated from one of "said members' and controls the to-and-fro movements of the rocker. 1 v

. 11; The combination of a driving member and a-driven member located one within the driving member: and the driven member; and a crank motion operatively connected with the otherend of said lever and adapted to rock the latter.

gears, the driven one of which has the form of an internal gear and both of which gears 12. The combination of concentrically-dis posed rotary. 'movable driving and driven and an outside driven member having relaat one end of said lever and engages both the of rotation; and-a translationally oscillatory intermediate .mes'hing with said internal gear for transmitting motion fromone to the other. FRANCIS H. RICHARDS Witnesses: 3 j

FRED. J. DOLE, CHARLES E. Voss. 

